See ciufuli on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ciufulit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ciufuleală"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciuf",
"ciuf#Romanian"
],
[
"-iō",
"-io#Latin:_fourth_conjugation"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Romanian"
],
[
"ciuf",
"ciuf#Romanian"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Romanian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ciuf",
"4": "-i",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nRomanian ciuf\nLatin -iō\nRomanian -i\nRomanian ciufuli\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"-i\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"ciufuli\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"ciufuli\">\nFrom ciuf + -i.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ciuf",
"4": "-i",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "From ciuf + -i.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nRomanian ciuf\nLatin -iō\nRomanian -i\nRomanian ciufuli\nFrom ciuf + -i.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "a ciufuli 4th conjugation",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulește",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ciufulește",
"2": "ciufulit"
},
"expansion": "a ciufuli (third-person singular present ciufulește, past participle ciufulit) 4th conjugation",
"name": "ro-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "transitive",
"3": "informal"
},
"expansion": "(transitive, informal)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ciu",
"fu",
"li"
]
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "73 27 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Hair",
"orig": "ro:Hair",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to rumple or mess up someone’s hair"
],
"id": "en-ciufuli-ro-verb-6O0meAOw",
"links": [
[
"rumple",
"rumple"
],
[
"mess up",
"mess up"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zbârli"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 60 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 72 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries referencing pages with multiple etymons missing IDs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 79 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian terms suffixed with -i",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 69 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian verbs in 4th conjugation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 63 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian verbs with subjunctive not given",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beat up"
],
"id": "en-ciufuli-ro-verb-G05XHuSB",
"links": [
[
"beat up",
"beat up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to beat up"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"informal",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃu.fuˈli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "ciufuli"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"csúfol",
"csúfol#Hungarian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "hu",
"3": "csúfol",
"4": "",
"5": "to mock"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Hungarian csúfol (“to mock”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hungarian csúfol (“to mock”) and conflated with its homonym.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "a ciufuli 4th conjugation",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulește",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-4",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-conj-i-esc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a ciufuli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulesc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulești",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulește",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulesc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuleam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuleai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulea",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuleam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuleați",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuleau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulii",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliși",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulirăm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulirăți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliră",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulisem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliseși",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulise",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliserăm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliserăți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliseră",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufulesc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufulești",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufulească",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufulim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufuliți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufulească",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulește",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nu ciufuli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nu ciufuliți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufului",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ciufulește",
"2": "ciufulit"
},
"expansion": "a ciufuli (third-person singular present ciufulește, past participle ciufulit) 4th conjugation",
"name": "ro-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-conj-i-esc"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Romanian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make a fool of someone"
],
"id": "en-ciufuli-ro-verb-aKDwcAf9",
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"make a fool of",
"make a fool of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional) to make a fool of someone"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"regional",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "ciufuli"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Romanian/i",
"Rhymes:Romanian/i/3 syllables",
"Romanian entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"Romanian entries referencing missing etymons",
"Romanian entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"Romanian entries referencing pages with multiple etymons missing IDs",
"Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"Romanian entries with etymon",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian informal terms",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Hungarian",
"Romanian terms derived from Hungarian",
"Romanian terms suffixed with -i",
"Romanian transitive verbs",
"Romanian verbs",
"Romanian verbs in 4th conjugation",
"Romanian verbs with subjunctive not given",
"ro:Hair"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ciufulit"
},
{
"word": "ciufuleală"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"ciuf",
"ciuf#Romanian"
],
[
"-iō",
"-io#Latin:_fourth_conjugation"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Romanian"
],
[
"ciuf",
"ciuf#Romanian"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Romanian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ciuf",
"4": "-i",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nRomanian ciuf\nLatin -iō\nRomanian -i\nRomanian ciufuli\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"-i\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"ciufuli\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"ciufuli\">\nFrom ciuf + -i.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":af",
"3": "ciuf",
"4": "-i",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "From ciuf + -i.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nRomanian ciuf\nLatin -iō\nRomanian -i\nRomanian ciufuli\nFrom ciuf + -i.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "a ciufuli 4th conjugation",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulește",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ciufulește",
"2": "ciufulit"
},
"expansion": "a ciufuli (third-person singular present ciufulește, past participle ciufulit) 4th conjugation",
"name": "ro-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "transitive",
"3": "informal"
},
"expansion": "(transitive, informal)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ciu",
"fu",
"li"
]
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to rumple or mess up someone’s hair"
],
"links": [
[
"rumple",
"rumple"
],
[
"mess up",
"mess up"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zbârli"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to beat up"
],
"links": [
[
"beat up",
"beat up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to beat up"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"informal",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃu.fuˈli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "ciufuli"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Hungarian",
"Romanian terms derived from Hungarian",
"Romanian verbs",
"Romanian verbs in 4th conjugation",
"Romanian verbs with subjunctive not given",
"ro:Hair"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"csúfol",
"csúfol#Hungarian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "hu",
"3": "csúfol",
"4": "",
"5": "to mock"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Hungarian csúfol (“to mock”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hungarian csúfol (“to mock”) and conflated with its homonym.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "a ciufuli 4th conjugation",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulește",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-4",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-conj-i-esc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a ciufuli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulesc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulești",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulește",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulesc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuleam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuleai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulea",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuleam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuleați",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuleau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulii",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliși",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulirăm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulirăți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliră",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulisem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliseși",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulise",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliserăm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliserăți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliseră",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufulesc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufulești",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufulească",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufulim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufuliți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "să ciufulească",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufulește",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufuliți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nu ciufuli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nu ciufuliți",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ciufului",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ciufulește",
"2": "ciufulit"
},
"expansion": "a ciufuli (third-person singular present ciufulește, past participle ciufulit) 4th conjugation",
"name": "ro-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-conj-i-esc"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Regional Romanian"
],
"glosses": [
"to make a fool of someone"
],
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"make a fool of",
"make a fool of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional) to make a fool of someone"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"regional",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "ciufuli"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ciufuli meaning in All languages combined (8.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.